Black Color SANYA-8 Motorcycle Speed Clock Speedometer Electronic

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1. Description of motorcycle fuel tank

 **Definition and function**
The motorcycle fuel tank is a key component for storing fuel (mainly gasoline), providing a continuous power source for the engine. It is also an important part of the motorcycle's exterior design. Its capacity and shape directly affect the vehicle's endurance and overall style.

**Structure and composition**
1. **Box body**
- **Material**:
- **Metal (steel/aluminum alloy)**: Traditional fuel tanks are mostly made of cold-rolled steel plates stamped and welded, with anti-rust treatment on the surface (such as galvanizing, spraying), high strength, good impact resistance, but heavy.
- **Engineering plastics**: Some modern models use plastic materials such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which are light (more than 50% lighter than metal), corrosion-resistant, flexible in shape, and less likely to produce sparks during collisions, and are safer (such as some off-road models).
- **Shape**:
- The fuel tank of a straddle-type motorcycle is mostly "teardrop" or "angular", which fits the driver's legs and improves the riding control;
- The fuel tank of a scooter is usually hidden under the seat bucket and is flat;
- The fuel tank of a retro model is often designed to be "hump-shaped" or "round", highlighting the classic style.

2. **Accessories**
- **Fuel tank cap**:
- It is divided into ordinary screw caps and anti-theft caps with locks. Some high-end models are equipped with smart fuel tank caps with integrated fuel indication function.
- Vent: Maintain the balance of air pressure inside and outside the fuel tank to prevent fuel evaporation from forming negative pressure and affecting fuel supply.
- **Fuel switch**: Controls the flow of fuel from the fuel tank to the carburetor or fuel injection system, divided into three gears: "on", "off" and "standby" (the standby gear is used for emergency when the fuel level is low).
- **Fuel sensor**: Equipped with electronic fuel gauge models, it is used to monitor the fuel level and transmit signals to the dashboard.
- **Wave-breaking board**: The internal partition of the fuel tank reduces fuel sloshing when the vehicle is driving, and reduces impact and noise.

 **Capacity and endurance**
- **Regular capacity**:
- Straddle motorcycle: 8~20 liters (such as street cars and cruise cars with a range of about 300~600 kilometers);
- Scooter: 5~10 liters (with a range of about 200~300 kilometers);
- Off-road vehicle/rally car: can reach more than 20~30 liters (long endurance requirements).
- **Influencing factors**: fuel consumption (engine displacement, road conditions), fuel tank shape (special-shaped fuel tanks may have "virtual volume").

 **Design Trend**
- **Lightweight**: Plastic fuel tanks are popularized to reduce the weight of the whole vehicle;
- **Integration**: Some models combine the fuel tank with the frame (such as aluminum alloy frame fuel tank) to improve the structural strength;
- **Personalization**: Customized fuel tank stickers, paintings or metal carvings to meet the user's modification needs.

 2. Description of motorcycle meter (speedometer/odometer)

**Definition and function**
The "meter" is the core component of the motorcycle dashboard, which is used to display the vehicle's **real-time speed** and **mileage**. Some models also integrate functions such as tachometer, fuel level indicator, fault alarm, etc. to help the driver understand the vehicle status.

Type and working principle

1. **Mechanical pointer meter**
- **Structure**:
- It consists of a flexible shaft (wire drive shaft), worm gear mechanism, pointer and dial.
- The flexible shaft is connected to the front wheel hub or the output shaft of the gearbox, and transmits the speed signal as the wheel rotates.
- **Working principle**:
- When the wheel rotates, the flexible shaft drives the worm gear to rotate, and the gear transmission drives the pointer to swing to display the real-time speed;
- The mileage counter accumulates the number of rotations of the gear and displays the total mileage and short-distance mileage (Trip) in the form of a digital wheel.
- **Features**:
- Low cost and simple maintenance, but the accuracy is affected by the wear of the flexible shaft, and jitter may occur at high speed.

2. **Electronic digital meter**
- **Structure**:
- Sensor (Hall effect sensor or magnetoelectric sensor), electronic control unit (ECU), liquid crystal display (LCD) or LED display.
- **Working principle**:
- The sensor monitors the wheel speed or gearbox pulse signal, transmits it to the ECU to calculate the speed and mileage, and displays it digitally on the display.
- **Features**:
- High accuracy, rich display information (such as instantaneous fuel consumption, average speed, time, etc.), supports backlight adjustment, and clear reading at night;
- Some high-end models are equipped with TFT color LCD screens, which support Bluetooth connection to mobile phone screen projection navigation.

3. **Hybrid meter**
- Combining pointer and digital display (such as traditional pointer speedometer + LCD mileage screen), taking into account both retro style and modern functions.

**Core parameters and display content**
- **Speed ​​display**: The unit is kilometers per hour (km/h) or miles per hour (mph), and the range is usually 0~200 km/h (adjusted according to the displacement of the vehicle model).

Mileage display:
Total mileage (Odometer)**: The cumulative distance traveled by the vehicle cannot be reset;
Short distance mileage (Trip)**: It can be manually reset to record the distance of a single trip.
 **Other functions**:
Tachometer (common in straddle models, showing engine speed rpm);

 Fuel indicator light, water temperature gauge, ABS warning light, turn signal light, etc.

 **Design and installation**
- **Location**: Usually located in the center of the handlebar or above the upper connecting plate, so that the driver can read it at eye level.
- **Protection**: The dial is made of scratch-resistant acrylic or glass, and is waterproof and dustproof (above IP65 level).
- **Modification trend**: Retro models prefer round mechanical watches, and modern street cars/imitation cars use full-color LCD screens to enhance the sense of technology.

**Common faults and maintenance**
- **Mechanical watch**: Soft shaft breakage (speedometer failure), gear wear (odometer jam), need to lubricate the soft shaft regularly.
- **Electronic watch**: Sensor failure (signal interruption), display backlight damage, professional circuit detection is required.
- **Calibration**: When changing tires of different specifications, the meter needs to be recalibrated (affecting speed and mileage accuracy).

Through the above description, you can fully understand the oil storage function, structural design, speed monitoring principle and type characteristics of the motorcycle fuel tank.